Background
: Colony‐stimulating factor 1 (CSF‐1) and interleukin (IL)‐34 are important for the functions of myeloid linage cells and are involved in several chronic inflammatory conditions associated with tissue degeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of CSF‐1 and IL‐34 in gingival tissue and gingival fibroblasts (GF) from patients with periodontitis and controls.
Methods
: Gingival biopsies were obtained from 19 periodontitis patients and 15 controls. Expression of CSF‐1 and IL‐34 in gingival tissue was assessed by western blot and localization by immunohistochemistry. Expression of CSF1 and IL34 mRNA in GF was analyzed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and protein expression visualized by immunofluorescence stainings. CSF‐1 and IL‐34 secretion from GF was evaluated in response to tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), IL‐1β, Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (Ec‐LPS) and Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS (Pg‐LPS) stimulation, using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays.
Results
: CSF‐1 was increased in gingival tissue from periodontitis patients compared to controls (p<0.05) whereas IL‐34 expression was similar. In GF from a non‐ periodontitis donor, stimulation with either TNF‐α, IL‐1β, Ec‐LPS, or Pg‐LPS increased the secretion of CSF‐1 (p<0.05) and Ec‐LPS stimulation increased IL‐34 (p<0.05). CSF‐1 and IL‐34 were expressed and secreted constitutively from GF, with comparable levels in GF from periodontitis patients and controls. Inflammatory stimuli increased the secretion of CSF‐1 and IL‐34 with comparable levels measured from GF of periodontitis patients and controls (p<0.05).
Conclusions
: The expression of CSF‐1 and IL‐34 in gingival tissue and fibroblasts suggests involvement in myeloid cell functions during periodontal inflammation.
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https://aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/JPER.19-0296?af=R
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