Evaluation of salivary and serum ADMA levels in patients with periodontal and cardiovascular disease as subclinical marker of cardiovascular risk

Abstract

Background

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) plays a crucial role in endothelial function and maybe a link for the known interaction of periodontitis and coronary heart disease (CHD). In this pilot study, we compared the impact of gingival health, periodontitis (CP), CHD or of both diseases (CP+CHD) on salivary and serum ADMA levels.

Methods

The clinical and periodontal characteristics, serum, and saliva samples were collected from 35 patients with CP, 33 patients with CHD, 35 patients with both CP+CHD, and 35 healthy subjects. Levels of ADMA and C‐reactive protein (CRP) were assessed with a commercially available kit.

Results

The median (25% and 75% percentile) concentrations of salivary and serum ADMA were significantly higher in the CHD group [serum: 1.5 (1.2‐1.8) µmol/L; salivary 1.3 (1‐1.7) µmol/g protein, P < 0.01] and in the CP+CHD [serum: 1.8 (1.4‐2.0) µmol/L; salivary 1.5 (1.2‐1.7) µmol/g protein, P < 0.001] group compared to CP patients and controls. In univariate models, CP (P = 0.034), CHD (P < 0.001), and hs‐CRP (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with serum ADMA, whereas in a multivariate model hsCRP remained a significant predictor of serum ADMA (P < 0.001). In a multivariate model the significant predictors of salivary ADMA levels were hs‐CRP (P < 0.001) and education SES (P = 0.042).

Conclusions

Patients with CHD and CP+CHD presented higher levels of salivary and serum ADMA compared to healthy subjects and CP patients. hs‐CRP was a significant predictor of increased salivary and serum ADMA levels.

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https://aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/JPER.19-0446?af=R