Abstract
Background
Periodontal disease has been linked to coronary heart disease (CHD), but studies have been inconclusive. This study investigates the link between periodontal disease and incident CHD.
Methods
Baseline periodontal data from a full‐mouth periodontal exam (n = 6,300) and CHD outcomes through 2017 were obtained from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Periodontitis was defined by the Periodontal Profile Class System adapted to Stages (PPC‐Stages) and the Centers for Disease Control /American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP) index. Competing risk models were used to determine hazards ratios (HR) for incident CHD, Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), and other causes of death. Secondary analysis included myocardial infarction (MI) and fatal CHD.
Results
Females comprised 56% of participants and males 44% with a combined mean age of 62.3(range:52‐74). Participants were followed for an average of 16.7 (SD:5.5) years. In a fully adjusted model, PPC‐Stage VII (Severe Tooth Loss) was moderately significantly related to incident CHD, hazards ratio (HR) 1.51(1.11‐2.09). PPC‐Stage V (Mild Tooth Loss/High Gingival Inflammation) was significant for fatal CHD (HR)5.27 (1.80‐15.4) and PPC‐Stage VII was significant for incident MI(HR) 1.59 (1.13‐2.23). The CDC/AAP definition was not significantly associated with incident CHD.
Conclusions
Incident CHD was moderately significantly associated with a specific stage of periodontal disease characterized by severe tooth loss, while none of the categories of the CDC/AAP were significantly associated. Thus, while periodontal therapy may improve oral health, it may be effective at impacting CHD incidence only in certain groups of people.
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from
https://aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/JPER.19-0723?af=R
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