The impact of alloplast and allograft on bone homeostasis: Orthodontic tooth movement into regenerated bone

Abstract

Background

The aim of the study is to examine bone healing following augmentation with allograft or β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) and evaluate orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) into the augmented sites.

Methods

The study included two parts. Part I included the alveolar bone regeneration model. Osseous defects were created by extraction of the maxillary first molars in C57BL/6 mice, and the sockets were filled with allograft, β‐TCP, or left unfilled (n = 6/group). Mouse allograft was prepared by a novel method using long bones. Maxillae were collected at 2, 4, and 6 weeks for microcomputed tomography (μCT) and histological analysis. In Part II, OTM was performed after full bone healing, through grafted and unfilled sockets (n = 10/group), and the second molar shift was assessed using μCT.

Results

Bone volume and trabeculation were reduced in β‐TCP compared with allograft and non‐grafted groups at 2 and 4 weeks post‐grafting, but similar at 6 weeks. Graft particles could be detected at 2 weeks post‐grafting for β‐TCP, and at 2 and 4 weeks for allograft. Increased osteoclasts’ presence was observed in the β‐TCP group at 2 and 4 weeks compared with allograft and control. OTM was similar in the two graft groups, but impaired versus the non‐grafted controls.

Conclusion

β‐TCP and allograft induce full normal healing but alter OTM into the regenerated sites.

from
https://aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/JPER.19-0145?af=R